The Democratic Deficit in Workplaces and Its Threat to Democratic Societies

Abstract

This thesis explores the relationship between undemocratic workplace structures and the threat this poses to democratic societies with a particular focus on the European Union alongside insights from the United States. It argues that workplaces governed by authoritarian hierarchies undermine core democratic principles by enabling political manipulation, deepening economic inequality, and fostering political disengagement. I begin by arguing that employers often exploit workers' economic dependency to influence their political behavior, particularly in contexts marked by high unemployment. Building on this, my second argument demonstrates that undemocratic workplace conditions entrench broader power imbalances, enabling political elites to consolidate authority and further marginalize economically vulnerable populations. My third argument is built on the idea that economic inequality is shown to correlate with reduced trust in democratic institutions and lower political participation, particularly among precarious workers. In response to the challenges posed by undemocratic workplace structures, this thesis argues that democratizing the workplace is essential for revitalizing democratic societies. Empowering workers through participatory decision-making not only expands individual autonomy but also helps reduce structural economic inequalities and fosters deeper civic engagement. While some may object to democratization of the workplaces, citing individual self-ownership rights, property rights, or the theoretical ability to leave undesirable jobs, these arguments often fail to account for the real-world constraints that limit workers’ choices in contexts of economic insecurity. When viewed against the backdrop of systemic imbalances in power and opportunity, the defense of authoritarian workplace structures loses its moral and political force. Thus, promoting democracy in the workplace emerges not just as a matter of economic justice, but as a necessary condition for safeguarding democratic life more broadly.