| dc.description.abstract | This research investigates the challenges and strategies surrounding intellectual property (IP) rights in the
context of university IT spinoffs (UIS). The following main research question is answered: “What
Intellectual Property appropriation strategies exist, and which strategy should University IT Spinoffs
apply?”. There is often confusion and disagreement on the ownership and protection of the Intellectual
Property developed by University spinoffs. Besides, spinoff founders often have insufficient knowledge
concerning what consequences IP related choices might have for the spinoffs’ business model. Because of
this, university spinoff founders often face challenges in protecting and successfully commercializing their
innovations. This research identifies the gaps in knowledge and policy that hinder these spinoffs and explores
how the Universiteiten van Nederland (UNL) Deal Terms can assist in navigating this complexity.
Employing a Wieringa design science approach, including a multi-vocal literature review, expert interviews,
and a case study of the Care2Report Research Program and its Verticai spinoff from Utrecht University, this
research provides an in-depth analysis of the current challenges in IP appropriation and IP strategy. The IP
Appropriation Guideline (IPAG) method is created and presented as a step-by-step guideline designed to
assist university IT spinoffs in effectively managing their intellectual property, supported by the UNL Deal
Terms. By focussing on assessing the spinoff's needs, stakeholder alignment, risk analysis, IP negotiation
strategies, deal closing, and monitoring and adaptation of the IP strategy, this method seeks to navigate
spinoff founders across the challenging terrain of IP appropriation successfully, so that they can successfully
protect and commercialize their innovative technologies. The method does not only serve as a set of
instructions, but as a strategic framework that acknowledges the relationship between IP strategies and the
UIS business model.
The findings highlight the importance of clear and fair IP guidelines and strategies for the success of
university spinoffs. By applying the IPAG method, spinoffs founders can not only protect and commercialize
their IP more effectively, but also contribute to a healthier ecosystem of innovation and entrepreneurship
within and beyond academia. | |
