WOMEN’S EXPERIENCES AND ASPIRATIONS Women’s perspectives on non-migration decisions in the face of environmental risks: A comparative multi-case study in Bangladesh

Abstract

Bangladesh, being highly vulnerable to cyclones, floods, and droughts, is among the countries most affected by climate change. Within the Bangladeshi society, gender inequalities place women's health and livelihoods at particular risk. Women also face limited opportunities for migration due to restricted access to resources and societal expectations regarding their roles. Given the non-gender-neutral nature of the climate crisis, this research delves into women's perspectives on non-migration decision-making processes amidst climate change-induced risks, exploring voluntary and involuntary non-migration decisions. Employing a multi-case study design, the study compares decision-making processes of women in both rural and urban settings. A combination of observational data, in-depth interviews, and visual storytelling is used to explore the subject comprehensively. The findings reveal a general trend, with rural women expressing a preference to remain due to place attachment and strong community bonds, while urban women tend to desire migration due to adverse living conditions and a sense of place disconnection. The study highlights the intersectionality of social identities, such as class, religion, education level, and age, in shaping women's experiences and aspirations. Through this research, a deeper understanding of women's perspectives on non-migration emerges, offering insights that can inform gender-transformative policies and interventions in the context of climate change-induced risks in Bangladesh.