Exploring Bystander Perception and Responses to Toxicity in Online Multiplayer Games

Abstract

In the modern age of online multiplayer gaming, toxicity in gaming communities has become a significant issue. This study focuses on the role of bystanders and investigates bystanders’ player experiences and decision-making when facing toxic behaviors in the context of Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games. An interview and thematic analysis were conducted to collect the experiences of bystanders who witness toxic behavior and reveal the responses they employ in such challenging situations. Findings from the 10 participants' interview study indicate that 1) bystanders have diverse understanding and perception of toxicity, 2) bystander intervention strategies are affected by incentives as well as inhibitors, and 3) bystanders are dissatisfied with current features in the reporting system. Based on the interview results and 5D intervention theories, in-game tools were designed to encourage bystanders to assist the target and improve the players' gaming experience. The effectiveness of the tools was evaluated through a Likert scale assessment. Results show bystanders have a preference for intervention tool with a direct strategy to point out and denounce toxicity.