Navigating Social Inclusivity: Inclusivity and Resilience Among Queer non-EU Migrants in Amsterdam

Abstract

This qualitative research explores the lived experiences of queer non-EU migrants in Amsterdam, focusing on how they navigate social inclusivity and exclusion. Although Amsterdam has a world-renowned reputation as a progressive city, particularly for queer people, the reality for the participants in this research is more complex. In order to examine how the participants respond and navigate the city’s social dynamics, the study draws on theories of social inclusivity, resilience and social identity, while utilising an intersectional lens. The study draws on theories of social inclusivity, resilience, social identity, and intersectionality to examine how these migrants respond to the city's social dynamics. Through in-depth interviews and participant observation, the research highlights key factors such as language barriers, microaggressions, and the conditional nature of inclusivity, revealing exclusionary aspects of the city's social fabric. One major finding is the impact of language barriers, which limit migrants' ability to fully engage in both social and professional settings, which in turn hampers their sense of belonging in local communities. Microaggressions further exacerbate their sense of exclusion, reinforcing social hierarchies and contributing to alienation. Additionally, coping strategies such as avoidance, passing, and code-switching, where the participants modify their behaviour to fit dominant norms were also common. While these strategies reduce exposure to discrimination, they often lead to emotional strain and feelings of inauthenticity. Social networks and community support play a crucial role in fostering resilience, while activism offers a way to challenge exclusionary structures. In conclusion, the research challenges Amsterdam's image as an unconditionally inclusive space. It underscores the ongoing challenges of social exclusion faced by queer non-EU migrants and highlights the resilience they demonstrate. Finally, the study calls for more inclusive practices and attitudes across all social sectors in Amsterdam to ensure that all residents feel comfortable, fully accepted, empowered and integrated into the city’s social fabric.