Examining the Impact of Negative Life Events on Alcohol and Cannabis Use Among Adolescents: the Mediating Role of Self-efficacy

Abstract

This quantitative study investigates the effect of negative life events (NLEs) on alcohol and cannabis use among Dutch adolescents aged 14-18, with self-efficacy as a possible mediating variable. Utilizing data (N=1317) from the Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a population-based prospective cohort study focusing on Dutch adolescents, this research aims to provide insights into the longitudinal relationship between NLEs and substance use behaviors. Two separate mediation analyses, both with self-efficacy as a mediator, were conducted: one with alcohol use as the outcome variable and another with cannabis use as the outcome variable. The findings revealed no significant link between NLEs and alcohol use, while a positive relationship was observed between NLEs and cannabis use. Furthermore, a notable but small effect on self-efficacy was observed as the impact of NLEs increased. However, self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between NLEs and substance use. More research is needed to understand how to help young people who have experienced NLEs avoid using cannabis or other substances to cope. Additionally, raising awareness of the negative effects of cannabis and providing alternative coping strategies can promote greater well-being among adolescents.