Dieuf Dieul

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of agroecological (AE) farming projects in southern Senegal, specifically in the West Casamance region. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research engaged government officials, NGOs, and local farmers through a three-stage empirical investigation. Despite continuous efforts since the 1970s to enhance domestic food production, Senegal remains heavily dependent on food imports. The government's emphasis on promoting agroindustrial farming often overlooks simple, cost-effective agroecological techniques. The primary objective of this research is to assess how AE practices contribute to food security and empower smallholder farmers, thereby fostering greater agricultural independence. The three stages of empirical research included: analyzing government policies and their impact on AE, examining the role and activities of NGOs in promoting AE, and conducting extensive fieldwork with local farmers through on-site visits to ten farms. These visits were instrumental in understanding the practical implementation of AE practices and their impact on farm productivity and farmer livelihoods. The findings indicate that AE farms in the region have experienced improved yields and greater autonomy, suggesting that AE practices can play a significant role in enhancing food security at the local level. However, the study also highlights that AE alone may not be sufficient to meet the country's high demand for staple crops like rice and wheat. The evaluation points to the need for a balanced approach that integrates AE practices with other agricultural strategies to address broader food security challenges. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of policy support and infrastructure development to scale up AE practices effectively. The role of NGOs and local cooperatives in providing training and resources is crucial for the success of AE initiatives. Overall, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on agroecology in Senegal and offers valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance sustainable agricultural practices in the region.