Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) for Climate Change Adaptation: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in the Peruvian Highlands

Abstract

This research examines the critical role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in climate change adaptation among indigenous farming communities in the Peruvian highlands. Faced with the escalating challenges of climate change, these communities are at the forefront of experiencing and responding to environmental changes. This study aims to contribute to bridging the knowledge gap by documenting and analyzing specific TEK practices applied to smallholder agricultural settings, thus providing insights into potential adaptation strategies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study was conducted in Urubamba, a region within the Sacred Valley known for its rich agricultural history and cultural significance. The research involved extensive fieldwork, capturing quantitative data and qualitative insights from local farmers. The focus was on understanding how indigenous TEK practices, such as crop diversification, ancient irrigation systems, and agroforestry techniques, are being implemented to adapt to climate change impacts at the farm level. The findings reveal a complex interplay between traditional practices and contemporary environmental challenges. TEK strategies, deeply rooted in cultural and ecological understanding, exhibit significant potential in enhancing adaptation, resilience, and sustainability in the face of climate change. The study underscores the need for integrating these indigenous practices into broader climate adaptation frameworks, emphasizing participatory and culturally sensitive approaches. This thesis contributes to the growing body of literature on climate change adaptation by highlighting the invaluable role of TEK. It advocates for a greater recognition and integration of indigenous knowledge systems in global environmental policies, reinforcing the argument that local, context-specific solutions are vital in addressing the global challenge of climate change.