View Item 
        •   Utrecht University Student Theses Repository Home
        • UU Theses Repository
        • Theses
        • View Item
        •   Utrecht University Student Theses Repository Home
        • UU Theses Repository
        • Theses
        • View Item
        JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

        Browse

        All of UU Student Theses RepositoryBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

        Field margins in the Hoeksche Waard for biodiversity and natural attenuation

        Thumbnail
        View/Open
        Research report Minor internship Jasmijn Otte 4286286.pdf (1.505Mb)
        Publication date
        2023
        Author
        Otte, Jasmijn
        Metadata
        Show full item record
        Summary
        Nowadays, the need for a transition to sustainable agriculture is increasing, following the decline in farmland biodiversity and other environmental issues due to the intensification of agriculture. A decline in biodiversity can affect the delivery of ecosystem services, including those that are important for agricultural practices. The RIVM is developing a social cost-benefit analysis of the implementation of field margins based on ecosystem services. Within this project, this study focused on the effect of field margins on the ecosystem services ‘biodiversity’ and ‘natural attenuation’ in the Hoeksche Waard in two scenarios: arable land and arable land with field margins. Models for biodiversity and natural attenuation were developed and implemented: (1) attributes were identified that could be used to quantify the delivery of an ecosystem service or the subfunctions underpinning the ecosystem service, (2) a conceptual multi-attribute model for quantification of biodiversity and natural attenuation was developed, (3) input data and information on the potential attributes was collected and organized in tables, (4) the collected data was used for calculating ecosystem services for the two scenarios (arable fields with and without margins). The implementation of field margins in the Hoeksche Waard, with reference value 1 for arable land without field margins, had a positive effect on the biodiversity (biodiversity capacity: 1.31-1.81) and natural attenuation (natural attenuation capacity: 1.78-2.06). The results of this study can be used as information for the social cost-benefit analysis, together with the other non-monetarized ecosystem services. Furthermore, this information is valuable for creating awareness on sustainable agriculture and shows the importance of future research relating to functional agrobiodiversity and sustainable agriculture.
        URI
        https://studenttheses.uu.nl/handle/20.500.12932/43995
        Collections
        • Theses

        Related items

        Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

        • Background: A non-inferiority (NI) design aims to demonstrate that the experimental arm is not worse than a comparator within a pre-specified margin. A margin of a risk difference of 10% or a Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) ratio from 1.5 to 2.0 is implicitly recommended for vaccine trials. This study explores which NI margins were used in vaccine studies and how they were determined. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on February 21st, 2013. This resulted in 260 eligible articles, 148 articles were selected randomly; data was collected by the use of a data extraction form. This thesis had an explorative character and therefore descriptive statistics were used to show the determination of the NI margins and which NI margins were used. Results: From the selected articles, 48 were excluded because they did not met the predefined criteria. In 81/100 articles a NI margin on difference was determined. In 71% of reviewed articles a margin of 10% was used, 19% of the articles stated margins lower than 10% (range 3-7.5%), whereas in 10% of the articles margins larger than 10%(range 11.5-50%) were stated as the NI margin. In 55/100 articles a NI margin on the GMT ratio was stated. In 60% of the articles a margin of 0.67/1.5 was used, in 33% the stated margins were 0.5/2.0. A large amount (85%) of the examined articles did not discuss how the NI margin was determined. Only five articles referred to the FDA or EMA guidelines, eight articles referred to methodological articles and two articles referred to previous articles specific for the vaccine. In 82/100 articles the conclusion corresponded to the results, in fourteen the conclusion could not be checked because the effect estimates were not shown, in four articles the conclusion of the authors was not in line with the results. Conclusion: The majority of reviewed articles showed no determination of the NI margin. Not all articles showed all their estimates on NI. Reporting on design and results of NI vaccine trials could therefore be improved. Current guidelines on NI trials contain no explicit margin for vaccine trials. The choice of the NI margin is essential for the outcome of the NI trials, although determination is a great challenge. Regulatory offices might help with presenting guidelines which contain an explicit margin (for a specific vaccine/disease). 

          Donken, R. (2013)
          Background: A non-inferiority (NI) design aims to demonstrate that the experimental arm is not worse than a comparator within a pre-specified margin. A margin of a risk difference of 10% or a Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) ...
        • Howling at the Margins: An Intersectional Study of Enid Sinclair’s Monstrous Femininity in the Netflix Series Wednesday 

          Šahin, Lara (2023)
          This thesis analyses the representation of the “monstrous-feminine,” (Creed 1993, 26), in the Netflix TV series Wednesday (2022-present), focusing on Enid Sinclair, Wednesday Addams’ female werewolf roommate. Using John ...
        • Bearing the Weight of Pronatal Marginalization 

          Čechová, B. (2021)
          Informed by childfree literature and pronatal discourses, this thesis explores the lived experiences of childfree women and how they experience marginalization. These instances of discrimination and stigmatisation are ...
        Utrecht university logo