How do researchers view sex and gender differences in research? An analysis of the strategies for female enrollment and retention in medical research.
Summary
Background: In recent years, multiple studies have been conducted regarding the necessity of
including both sexes in medical research. This dissertation analyses the point of view on the subject
from the prospective of 12 researchers active at a University Medical Center in the Netherlands. The
Research Questions: How do researchers view sex and gender differences in research (1), and which
are the strategies for female enrollment and retention in medical research (2)? were answered.
Methods: In-dept semi-structured interviews were performed by asking questions about researchers’
perspective on sex and gender differences in medical research, obstacles in different research phases,
as well as enrollment and retention strategies. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed
verbatim. Results: Researchers reported being aware of the importance of including sex and gender
differences in research. Although, researchers report that less is known about gender and dropout
reasons. Researchers noted that obstacles exist and try to tackle them by implementing certain
strategies. There were strategies implemented by certain medical departments that were more
successful than others. However, some researchers noted no activate strategies to overcome obstacles.
Overall, my results matched prior literature. Conclusions: this study highlights the knowledge gaps
that are still present in research regarding the enrollment and retention of women in medical research.
To close the gap and guarantee better outcomes and health to all sexes and genders multiple strategies
must be activated. All stakeholders need to collaborate to achieve a common goal: equality in female
and male ratio in medical research.
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