Anderson Localization in 2D Bose Gases

Abstract

Anderson localization is the localization of electronic wave functions resulting in the suppression of diffusion of waves in a disordered medium. By apply- ing a non-uniform potential to a Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC), Anderson localization can be achieved. In this thesis the feasibility of four different meth- ods for producing a two-dimensional optical trap for a BEC are analyzed for later use in research on Anderson localization. The use of either a spatial light modulator (SLM) or an etched mirror prove inadequate. Both a zero-order vor- tex half-wave retarder and an axicon generate a good ring-shaped optical trap. The axicon is chosen because of the available optics. An astigmatic Gaussian beam is used to initially trap the atoms within the ring and con?ne them in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the optical ring. In order to create a BEC, the alignment of the magneto optical trap, spin-polarization beam and the zero-point of the compensation coils of the magnetic ?eld is readjusted and a BEC of 1.95 x 10^7 atoms is created.