Exploring 3D functionalities: A research into software that support the spatial analysis and visualisation of 3D subsurface data

Abstract

Still much use is made of traditional 2D methods to represent obtained subsurface information, despite the lack of spatial complexity, context and reality. This is a bottleneck since subsurface projects involve multidisciplinary stakeholders, for which these 2D images are challenging to interpret. 3D representations of the subsurface are the solution for more precise and objective representations, better interpretation of spatial relations, improved communication between experts and non-experts and shorter lead times.

This master research evaluates and scores different GIS software packages on its suitability to support subsurface data in 3D using a Multiple-Criteria Analysis. From the research it is concluded that Leapfrog Works is the most suitable software package, since it offers extensive subsurface operations within a user-friendly environment. Advanced users can create reliable subsurface models that include area-specific knowledge and basic users can interactively view the outputs online.

Additionally, this research proves that each GIS software package includes its own focus on user types, dimensions and purposes. These different software identities substantiate the importance of conducting anticipatory research into the suitability of a software package. This research provides a generic approach to identify and assess GIS software packages on suitability based on predefined criteria. The research proves that reliable 3D subsurface representations can be created in GIS software that are of added value for multiple common cases and can be interpret by different types of users. It therefore tackles the challenge of representing the subsurface in 3D and offers new insights into the movement towards 3D functionalities within GIS software.