Perspectives of Orofacial Therapists on eHealth initiatives for managing Temporomandibular Disorders: A Needs Assessment

Abstract

Aim Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are one of the most common causes of pain in the mouth and face and can have extensive impact on quality of life. The American Association for Dental Research recommends a home-based care program. EHealth is effective and could substitute or complement care of patients with TMD. To support the development of an eHealth initiative it is important to involve users. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain insight in the perspectives of orofacial physiotherapists (OPT) on the management of patients with TMD and to explore OPTs’ needs and preferences for an eHealth initiative in TMD management. Methods A qualitative approach using semi-structured, personal interviews with OPTs. Eleven purposefully sampled OPTs were included. A topic guide derived from the research questions supported the interviews. NVivo qualitative analysis software was used to support the data analysis process. Thematic data analysis methodology was applied. Results OPTs believe key aspects of TMD management are screening, anamnesis and providing insight, education and self-management. Globally, a positive attitude towards eHealth was found. OPTs believe eHealth can’t substitute healthcare and think eHealth should be blended with usual care. Personalization, accessibility, ease of use and empowering are factors that could facilitate the use of eHealth. Detachment, no financial incentive, greater burden, physical absence and no context of information were barriers for eHealth. OPTs prefer obtaining information beforehand, questionnaires, reminders, audio-visual information and feedback systems in eHealth. Conclusion This study found support for the potential value of an eHealth initiative for TMD management. An easy to use, easily accessible mobile or web-based eHealth application should be developed with audio-visual information about TMD, reminders, appointment and goals included. Finally, eHealth should be blended with usual care because the OPT’s strongly feel that face-to-face contact is irreplaceable. Clinical Relevance This study shows that the OPTs perspective is in line with the recommendation of The American Association for Dental Research that suggests an expanded home-based care program for patients with TMD. An eHealth initiative in managing TMD should focus on an easy to use application that stimulates desired behaviour and self-management.