pathological findings in 132 dutch harbour seals (phoca vitulina)

Abstract

Between 2009 and 2013 the carcasses of 132 harbour seals, originating from the Dutch coast, were investigated for pathological changes and cause of death at the University of Utrecht, division pathobiology. This provides information on the causes of mortality and disease in the population, which can be used to monitor the health status of the population. This is the first study done by the University of Utrecht and the intention is to repeat this study in the future with standardized protocols. So that long term changes and patterns in the populations health status can be recognized. The seals were either found dead or euthanized in rehab within 24 hours without being given any medication. Necropsy was performed in each case. Depending on macroscopical findings and decomposition of the carcass, histopathological, microbiological and parasitological examinations were performed. In this study, the respiratory and alimentary tracts were the organ systems most consistently affected by pathological change, specifically parasitic infections. The most common cause of death was parasitic bronchopneumonia, followed by septicaemia and physical trauma. Also frequently identified changes included: hyperplasia of lymph nodes, hepatitis, cardiovascular nematodiriasis, bleeding/ haematoma of the skin, alopecia and lymphadenitis.