Dynamic Electricity Demand - Flexibility in the Dutch Electricity Sector

Abstract

This research has investigated the potential for demand response for use in a changing electricity market. Demand response (referred to as Dynamic Electricity Management or DEM in this research) can have various purposes for TSOs, DSOs and electricity suppliers. The current and future technical potential was researched for each actor and depends on the ability to use load interruptible or load shiftable appliances. Whereas current potential can have a small positive contribution (especially to TSOs and DSOs),the current DEM systems are not capable to make Demand Response work for current appliances. With future DEM systems and smarter appliances more potential can be unlocked and the distinction between load interruptible and load shiftable appliances will disappear. However, progressing energy efficiency of household appliances reduces electricity usage of suitable household appliances in the order of 50%. Increasing penetration rates of tumble dryers, dishwasher and especially heat pumps and electric vehicles will also increase the potential for Demand Response.