Modulatin of immune function by medium chain triglycerides

Abstract

Abstract Triglycerides can be divided based on the length of their fatty acids. A distinction is made between short chain triglycerides (2-5 carbon atoms), medium chain triglycerides (6-12 carbon atoms) and long chain triglycerides (>12 carbon atoms). All are differently absorbed and metabolized in the body. Medium chain triglycerides are linked to many health benefits, including increasing satiety, decreasing energy consumption and weight loss. They are also indicated to reduce ageing of the brain and show anti-coagulation properties. Moreover, medium chain triglycerides are believed to influence immune responses. The aim of this thesis is to review the current literature on the effect of medium chain triglycerides on the immune system. It was found that medium chain triglycerides might be able to cause a disruption in tight junctions present in the intestinal epithelial barrier and also influence both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion by cells in the intestine. Also influence of medium chain triglycerides on neutrophil infiltration in the intestine is described. However, data are inconsistent. Moreover, medium chain triglycerides seem to influence allergic responses. Both allergy stimulating and inhibiting responses after medium chain triglyceride supplementation are described. It can be concluded that little is known about the effect of medium chain triglycerides on immune cells and function. More research is needed.