Leapfrogging towards sustainable mobility: Enablers of socio-technical transition towards Sustainable Urban Mobility System in developing country cities: The case of Bangalore and Jakarta

Abstract

As cities grow in size and population, demand for mobility increases and cities in developing countries are facing challenges in meeting those demands resulting in an overcrowded infrastructure and alarmingly increasing private vehicle ownership. The objective of this research is to analyze the enablers needed to leapfrog the transport system in cities in developing countries to a Sustainable Urban Mobility System (SUMS) that addresses the environmental, social and economic pillars of sustainable development in the context of rapid urbanization. The study is conducted in Bangalore and Jakarta using data from several local, national and international organizations together with online surveys designed for planners and residents of the two cities. The enablers that will help tackle the barriers and create new attractors to encourage the implementation and adoption of SUMS are categorized as Policy & regulation, Attitude, Structure (urban), Safety & security, Infrastructure & service quality, Organizations and governance, and Nexus of measures, abbreviated as PASSION.