Browsing by Subject "Neuroscience and Cognition"
Now showing items 1-20 of 183
-
A critical view on neuronal polarization: How to make a single axon?
(2009)During neuronal development, one axon and several dendrites are formed out of the immature neurites of one single neuron. The asymmetrical structure allows neurons to receive (dendrites) and transmit (axon) signals. A ... -
A matter of mind: reductionism and emergentism as frameworks for understanding consciousness
(2014)According to materialists, mental processes are a product of the brain. In the context of neural properties such as complexity and consciousness, new frameworks for understanding the brain have raised philosophical issues ... -
A neuroendocrine perspective on anxiety-related behaviour in humans: focus on testosterone and oxytocin.
(2012)Accumulating evidence indicates that the steroid hormone testosterone and the neuropeptide oxytocin may have anxiolytic effects in humans, albeit via different mechanisms. In animals, the anxiolytic properties of testosterone ... -
A neurological motivated computational model for beat induction
(2011)Current models for beat induction give an accurate description of the phenomenon. These models however have their emphasis on recreating behavioural aspects; lacking an explicit neural correlate. Finding this neural correlate ... -
A Novel Sensory Pre-Conditioning Paradigm to Assess Inferential Fear Generalization
(2023)Fear generalization is a survival mechanism that helps us predict threat and adjust our responses to potentially dangerous stimuli. Thus, through fear generalization, the fear response can transfer from the original threat ... -
A review of longitudinal fMRI studies on age-related changes in functional brain activity
(2012)In the past two decades neuroimaging studies have tried to unveil the neural mechanisms behind age-related changes in cognitive strategies and performance. Structural imaging studies have shown that brain volume changes ... -
Acoustic Behaviour in Fish –
(2021)It has long been known that some fish can be acoustically active. But the assumption that the vast majority of fish spend their life without emitting sound is still widespread. A recent study has shown that the number of ... -
Adenylyl Cyclase and Anxiety in Bipolar Disorder In the search for a specific treatment target for bipolar disorder
(2010)Bipolar disorder (BPD), also known as manic depressive illness, is a complex brain disorder common under adults as well as adolescents. Patients with BPD disorder suffer from dramatic mood swings, which severely hamper a ... -
ADHD and Giftedness
(2013)Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. A review of the literature seems to indicate that gifted individuals can be at risk of being misdiagnosed as ... -
All roads lead to Rome, but which one is the best? The direction of Autism Spectrum Disorder drug development.
(2013)Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a mental disorder that affects roughly 1% of the population. The main symptoms of ASD are poor communication, poor social interactions and abnormal behavior such as repetitive behavior. Recently, ... -
An exploratory study on the role of active sleep in microstructural development of corticospinal tracts in preterm infants.
(2023)Layman's summary. Infants during pregnancy undergo a lot of changes in their organism, including their brain and specific parts of it. Some infants are born too early with not enough time spent in the protective place that ... -
Anosmia in Neurodegenerative disorders
(2010)Since the discovery of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) just over three decades ago, research into olfactory dysfunction in PD and AD has grown vastly. It appeared that olfactory ... -
Anxiety Disorders and Serotonin: Insights on Effects of rTMS
(2011)Anxiety disorder patients display chronic hypervigilance towards threatening stimuli, which could result from hyperexcitability of fear circuitry. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) might normalize functioning ... -
Assessing loss of control over substance use for sucrose, alcohol and cocaine using the novel seeking under the threat of adversity (STA) task
(2023)Substance use disorder (SUD) is a relapsing brain disorder that is characterized by loss of control over substance use, reflected by substance use despite harmful consequences. Various addiction models have been designed ... -
Association Strength Gene Ontology analysis
(2012)Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, flat affect and disorganized thinking. After decades of research on schizophrenia its etiology remains elusive. Psychiatry, neuroimaging, molecular ... -
Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease
(2009)The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for the normal function of the central nervous system since it restricts influx of most compounds from blood to brain. During several neurologic conditions the integrity of the ... -
Astrocytes in Parkinson's disease
(2010)Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a high prevalence in people over 65. Its main hallmark is progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to characteristic motor ... -
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and prenatal smoke and alcohol exposure
(2010)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder with an early life onset, which is clinically heterogeneous, and consists of several behavioural components. Structural brain imaging studies have ... -
Autism and the gut-brain axis
(2011)Autism is a disorder of neural development for which modern medicine has no cure. As many autism subjects also suffer from Gastro-Intestinal (GI) problems, gut-brain communication may be part of the underlying etiology in ... -
Bio- and neurofeedback applications in stress regulation
(2010)Chronically being stressed has a negative impact on health. Stress occurs when homeostasis in the body becomes disrupted. To bring the body back into a homeostatic state, a stress response is initiated. The stress response ...